高二英语第十四单元Satellites（卫星）

概要：e lighter the better 省略了不少的成分，补充完整是：the lighter it is , the better it will be . 这种句型表示前者与后者在程度上同样增加或者同样减少，汉语是“越……，越……”，前面是从句，后面是主句。又如：The more we get together , the happier we will be .The more , the better . 多多益善。另外注意本单元出现的“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”。如：Satellites are used more and more to take photos of the earth and to produce maps .3.First , …… Second , ……First , it must be very light , …… Second , it usually contains very expensive cameras .〖明晰〗叙述事物的先后顺序时常用：First…, second …, third …, lastly …。也可以用：Firs

二、学海导航

【学法指要】

单元难点疑点思路明晰

1. So far as I know , it’s free . 就我所知，那是免费的

〖明晰〗so far as =as far as 引导比较状语从句，在句中作插入语，常用逗号与主句隔开。

So far as I know , not all of them passed the quiz .

2.The + 比较级 ，the + 比较级

First , it must be very light , the lighter the better . 首先，它必须很轻，越轻越好。

〖明晰〗the lighter the better 省略了不少的成分，补充完整是：the lighter it is , the better it will be . 这种句型表示前者与后者在程度上同样增加或者同样减少，汉语是“越……，越……”，前面是从句，后面是主句。又如：

The more we get together , the happier we will be .

The more , the better . 多多益善。

另外注意本单元出现的“比较级 + and + 比较级”表示“越来越……”。如：

Satellites are used more and more to take photos of the earth and to produce maps .

3.First , …… Second , ……

First , it must be very light , …… Second , it usually contains very expensive cameras .

〖明晰〗叙述事物的先后顺序时常用：First…, second …, third …, lastly …。也可以用：First…, secondly…, thirdly …, lastly … 。另外，高一曾学习过“first … later / then …” 以及“For one thing … ; for another …”句型表达顺序。如：

First , I wish you good health ; second , I wish you success in your work ; and third , I wish you good luck in everything .

4. Once + 时间状语从句

Once the satellite goes into its orbit round the earth , the panels are unfolded in order to catch the sunshine . 一旦卫星进入地球轨道，帆板就打开来吸收阳光。

〖明晰〗由 once 引导的时间状语从句表示“刚……就……”，“一旦……就……”。用以说明主句动作紧跟在从句动作之后发生。从句中用现在时代表将来时。从句还可以使用省略结构。如：

Once you step into our village , you’ll see how greatly it has changed .

Once seen , the film will never be forgotten .

5. 介词 + 关系代词型定语从句

There is a rocket motor on the satellite by which the direction of the satellite can be changed if necessary . 卫星上有一个火箭马达，必要时可以用它来改变卫星的方向。

〖明晰〗定语从句的先行词是 a rocket motor , by which 引导一个定语从句。定语从句中介词的选择受上下文的制约，或者与前面的先行词有搭配关系，或者与后面的动词有搭配关系。这里的 by 表“通过、用”。又如：

There are many research stations on the earth in which outer space is studied . (in 与 先行词 research stations 的搭配)

Who is the comrade with whom you just shook hands ?(with 与动词词组shake hands 的搭配)

另外，在定语从句中还有一个省略式的状语的 if necessary ，if 后省略了 it is 。又如：Put in an article where necessary . 在有必要的地方填上一个冠词。

【妙文赏析】

How easy it all was for police and emergency (紧急) service . A siren (警报器) , a flashing light and like magic everyone was out of the way .

Going home from work one night he passed a garage . There in front of him was the answer to his problem . An old ambulance (救护车)was for sale .

The red cross had been removed . But not the flashing light or the siren . He bought it and opened up for himself a dream-world of driving .

It began early in the morning , all his things in the back of the ambulance and the highway in Germany looking reasonably clear . Soon , as always , a long line of traffic was ahead . He turned on the flashing light and set off the siren . Cars quickly slowed and pulled off the fast lane (车道). Other cars stopped and drivers waved him ahead to an open road all his own . In record time he crossed the border into Austria . But then the Yugoslav made his big mistake . Until then he had only stopped for oil . Now he was driving past a real accident — lights flashing too late to realize that it was not another traffic jam (阻塞) as he had expected . Police on the scene had never seen an ambulance do that before . They stopped him . And after hearing the story of his ride across two countries they fined him $18.50 .

1. What was the Yugoslav’s problem ?

A. He met other foreign drivers. B. He couldn’t find an ambulance.

C. He admired police and emergency service. D. He got caught in terrible traffic jam.

2. He decided to buy the ambulance because ________.

A. he knew other traffic always moved over for it

B. he had always wanted one

C. he hoped to resell it and make money

D. he liked the siren and the flashing light

3. Other cars on the highway slowed down or pulled off the fast lane ________.

A. when they waved to them

B. when they heard the siren or saw the flashing light

C. when the police told them to let the ambulance pass

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